Firearm law reference
New York firearm laws
A plain-English overview of the firearm rules most relevant to buying and selling in New York — private-sale background checks, permits to purchase, restricted-firearm and magazine rules, handgun roster, waiting periods and ammunition. Federal law applies everywhere on top of these state rules.
At a glance
Reviewed 2026-06-26
What to watch for
- Important: New York requires private firearm transfers to go through a licensed dealer (background check).
- Important: New York: A pistol license is required for handguns, and a semi-automatic rifle license for semi-automatic rifles.
- Caution: Interstate transfers must ship to a licensed dealer (FFL) in the buyer's state for the background check; a private buyer can't take a handgun across state lines.
- Caution: New York restricts large-capacity magazines. Magazines over 10 rounds are typically restricted.
- Important: New York restricts "assault weapons" — certain semi-automatic firearms and features may be prohibited.
- Note: Never transfer to a prohibited person or complete a straw purchase (buying for someone else) — both are federal crimes.
General information, not legal advice. Firearm laws change frequently and city or county ordinances may add requirements this summary doesn't capture. Verify the current law with the New York Attorney General or state police and consult a licensed attorney before any transfer. Last reviewed 2026-06-26.
Frequently asked
Does New York require a background check for private firearm sales?
Yes. New York requires private firearm transfers to go through a licensed dealer (FFL), who runs the background check.
Do you need a permit or license to buy a firearm in New York?
Yes. A pistol license is required for handguns, and a semi-automatic rifle license for semi-automatic rifles.
Does New York restrict "assault weapons"?
Yes. New York restricts certain semi-automatic firearms and features classified as "assault weapons." Confirm a specific model and configuration is permitted before buying or selling.
Are magazine-capacity limits in effect in New York?
Yes. Magazines over 10 rounds are typically restricted.
Is there a waiting period to receive a firearm in New York?
New York does not impose a state waiting period, though the federal background check must still clear before transfer.
Are there rules for buying ammunition in New York?
Yes. New York requires ammunition sales to go through a licensed dealer with a background check; private ammunition sales are not allowed.
Buying or selling in New York?
Rangium shows these state-specific notes right on every listing, and Vanta can answer compliance questions against your own inventory. Rangium is a neutral listings venue — it never processes payment or ships firearms.