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Firearm law reference

Minnesota Firearm Laws

A plain-English overview of the firearm rules most relevant to buying and selling in Minnesota — private-sale background checks, restricted-firearm and magazine rules, handgun roster, and waiting periods. Federal law applies everywhere on top of these state rules.

At a glance

Universal background check on private sales
No
Assault-weapon restrictions
No
Large-capacity magazine limit
No
Approved-handgun roster (dealers)
No
Waiting period
About 30 days before transfer
Yes

What to watch for

Interstate transfers must ship to a licensed dealer (FFL) in the buyer's state for the background check; a private buyer can't take a handgun across state lines.
Minnesota has a waiting period (about 30 days) before a firearm can be received.
Never transfer to a prohibited person or complete a straw purchase (buying for someone else) — both are federal crimes.
General information, not legal advice. Firearm laws change frequently and city or county ordinances may add requirements this summary doesn't capture. Verify the current law with the Minnesota Attorney General or state police and consult a licensed attorney before any transfer. Last reviewed 2026-06-26.

Frequently asked

Does Minnesota require a background check for private firearm sales?+

Minnesota does not require a universal background check for private firearm sales between residents, but federal law still prohibits transfers to prohibited persons and straw purchases, and any interstate transfer must go through a licensed dealer.

Does Minnesota restrict "assault weapons"?+

Minnesota does not have a state "assault weapons" ban, though federal rules still apply.

Are magazine-capacity limits in effect in Minnesota?+

Minnesota does not impose a state large-capacity magazine limit.

Is there a waiting period to receive a firearm in Minnesota?+

Minnesota has a waiting period of about 30 days before a firearm can be received.

Buying or selling in Minnesota?

Rangium shows these state-specific notes right on every listing, and Vanta can answer compliance questions against your own inventory. Rangium is a neutral listings venue — it never processes payment or ships firearms.